今天我们来聊聊英语被动语态,以下6个关于英语被动语态的观点希望能帮助到您找到想要的大学知识。
本文目录
英语中有多少种被动语态?
英语中有十种被动语态:
1、一般现在时:主语 + am/is/are + 过去分词
2、一般过去时:主语 + was/were + 过去分词
3、一般将来时:主语 + shall/will + be + 过去分词
4、过去将来时:主语 + should/would + be + 过去分词
5、现在进行时:主语 + am/is/are + being + 过去分词
6、过去进行时:主语 + was/were + being + 过去分词
7、现在完成时:主语 + have/has + been 过去分词
8、过去完成时:主语 + had been + 过去分词
9、将来完成时:主语 + shall/will + have been + 过去分词
10、过去将来完成时:主语 + should/would + have been + 过去分词
被动语态简介:
被动语态是动词的一种形式,用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。英语的语态共有两种:主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式,一般来说,只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。
以上内容参考 百度百科-被动语态
英语被动语态的形式是什么
英语被动语态基本构成公式: be + 实义动词的过去分词。
1、一般现在时:am/is/are+given
2、一般过去时:was/were+given
3、一般将来时:will/shall be+given
4、过去将来时:would be+given
5、现在进行时:am/is/are being+given
6、过去进行时:was/were being+given
7、现在完成时:has/have been+given
8、过去完成时:had been+given
9、将来完成时:will/shall have been+given
英语中被动语态的构成不仅仅需要在实义动词前添加词语, 还需要 实义动词的参与:该实义动词要变成其过去分词的形式。
提示: 只有实义动词中的及物动词才有被动语态的构成形式, 不及物动词没有被动语态的构成形成
中文句中的动词不区分为谓语动词和非谓语动词, 但是英语句中的动词有谓语动词和非谓语动词的区分, 也因英语中的被动语态结构有两种形式: 谓语动词的被动语态和非谓语动词的被动语态。
扩展资料
1、am 、is、are 是be动词在一般现在时态下的三种变化形式;
2、was、were是be动词在一般过去时态下的两种变化形式;
3、"has/have + 动词过去分词"是现在完成时态的构成形式。
被动语态的构成结构中一定要有助动词be和实义动词的过去分词,为了满足现在完成时态的构成要求,助动词变成过去分词(been),与has/have构成现在完成时态。
同时be动词(此时已经变成过去分词been)与实义动词的过去分词构成被动语态,因此has/have been done既体现了现在完成时态的时态意义又表达出了被动意义,形成了现在完成完成时态的被动语态结构。
参考资料来源:百度百科-英语被动语态
英语被动语态怎么变?
八种时态的被动语态:(变 be 的时态即可,done不动)
1、一般现在时:am / is/ are + done
Granny looks after the little girl every day.→The little girl is looked after by Granny every day.奶奶每天照顾那个小女孩。
2、一般过去时:was /were + done
My aunt brought up me.→I was brought up by my aunt.我是由姑姑带大的。
3、一般将来时:will +be done
They will give me a chance to play in this game again.→I will be given a chance to play in this game again.我将要获得再一次参赛的机会。
4、一般过去将来时:would+ be done
The manager said they would complete the project by the end of the year.→The manager said the project would be completed by the end of the year.经理说这项工程将会在年底被完成。
5、现在进行时:am / is / are + being + done
The radio is broadcasting English lessons.→English lessons are being broadcasted on the radio.英语课正在广播中。
6、过去进行时:was / were + being + done
The workers were mending the road.→The road was being mended.这条路正在修。
7、现在完成时:have /has + been + done
Someone has told me the sports meeting might be put off.→I have been told the sports meeting might be put off.有人告诉我运动会可能会被延迟。
8、过去完成时:had + been + done
When I got to the theatre, I found they had already sold out the tickets.→When I got to the theatre, I found the tickets had already been sold out.当我到剧院时,我发现票已经卖完了。
扩展资料:
被动语态记忆口诀及语态转换时应注意的问题:
1、一般现在时、一般过去时用be +及物动词的.过去分词,be有人称、时、数变。
2、完成时态have(has)done,被动将been加中间。
3、一般将来shall(will)do,被动变do为be done。
4、将来进行无被动,shall(will)be doing。
5、现在完成时,被动 have(has)been done。
6、现、过进行be doing,被动be加being done。
7、情、助、有、是妥安排,一律随新主语变。
8、否定助后加not,疑问一助置主前。
9、主语恰是疑问词,直陈语序主在前。
10、一般情助加be done,双宾多将间宾变。
11、复合宾语宾变主,宾补、主补相应变。
第二句“be有人称、时、数变”即be有人称、时态和单、复数的变化。“情助”是指情态动词和助动词“must,may,can,shall,will”等一律随新主语(多是主动句中的宾语)来变化。
“疑问一助置主前”是说有两个助动词的话,应把主语放在第一助动词之后或把第一助动词置于主语之前。
英语被动语态结构
英语被动语态结构:
一、助动词be+v-ed构成的被动语态
助动词be+v-ed构成的被动语态。既可以表示动作,又可以表示状态。有时难以分清。例如:They were married.The chair was broken.We were lost.
二、get+v-ed构成的被动语态
1、get+v-ed明白无误地表示动作。
He had tried to break into the shop during the night but had got stuck in the chimney.他企图在夜间钻进商店,但被卡在烟囱里了。
2、get+v-ed常常表示不合心意的事情,如:get hurt受伤,get dismissed被开除,get caught被抓了,get caught in the rain遇上雨。此外,get+v-ed不大用于正式语体。
三、伪被动语态(系表结构)
英语中有一种所谓的伪被动句,这类句子从结构上说,没有对应的主动句,也不能增添施事,其中的动词be并不是构成被动态的助动词,而是连系动词。
从语义上说,他们并不是描述行为、动作、发展、变化,而是描述静止的状态或动作完成后的静态情况。
如:He is buried now beneath a marble tomb。他现在安葬在大理石的墓碑底下。必须注意区分英语的动态被动句与静态的被动句,这对翻译具有很重要的意义。
四、形式主动、意义被动的句子
1、He is to blame。他是罪魁祸首。在to be blame结构中,主动形式的blame具有被动意义。
2、He was hard to convince。他很难说服的。
充当表语的hard之后的动词不定式通常表示被动意义,或者说,句子的主语通常是动词不定式所表示动词的客体。
3、He was difficult to please。他很难取悦。
英语中有一些形容词如easy,difficult,convenient,impossible,unpleasant等,要求一个及物动词不定式来做他们的补足语。但在语义上,句子的主语便是动词不定式的宾语。
形式主动、意义被动的句子也称为意义被动句。又如:This material washes/ doesn't wash/ won't wash。这种材料可以洗/不可以洗/不能洗。
五、形式被动,意义主动的句子
be done (with)和be finished是特殊结构,它们的主语并不是受动者,而是施动者。
When we were done, we went out to the garden, and I picked up the sticks。看完以后我们走到花园里,我把那里的树枝都捡了起来。
英语被动语态讲解
被动语态的结构为“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词(p.p)”。被动语态的不同时态是通过be的时态变化来表示的,其人称和数方面应与主语保持一致。 扩展资料 其具体变化为: 一般现在时:am/is/are+p.p. 一般过去时:was/were+p.p. 一般将来时:shall /will be +p.p. 现在完成时:have /has been +p.p. 现在进行时:am/is/are+being+p.p. 过去将来时:should /would be +p.p. 含情态动词的被动结构:情态动词+be+p.p.例如: ① Chinese ______ by the largest number of people.(选D。考查一般现在时的被动语态) A.speak B.is speaking C.speaks D.is spoken ② The boy ______ to get supper ready after school.(选C。考查一般过去时的被动语态) A.were told B.is telling C.was told D.tells ③ A lot of new roads ______ built in the west of China.(选B。考查含情态动词的被动语态) A.must B.must be C.has D.have B.明确用法 被动语态常用于以下两种情况: 1.不知道谁是动作的执行者,或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者; 2.强调动作的承受者。例如: 这棵树是那个男孩弄断的。 The tree ______ ______ by that boy. (填was broken) C.熟练转换 1.将主动语态变被动语态的基本方法为: ①将主动语态的宾语作被动语态的主语; ②谓语动词变为“be+及物动词的过去分词”,并通过be的变化来表达出不同的时态; ③主动语态的主语变为介词by的宾语,组成介词短语放在被动结构中的谓语动词之后。(有时by短语可以省略)。 2.被动语态的一般疑问句是将一个助动词置于主语之前;否定句是在第一个助动词后加not;特殊疑问句的.语序为:疑问词+一般疑问句。例如: ① You must throw the broken pottery away at once. The broken pottery ______ ______ ______ ______ at once.(同义句) (填must be thrown away) ② Where did they grow vegetables?(改为被动语态) Where ______ vegetables ______ ?(填were;grown) D.注意特例 将主动语态变被动语态应注意几个特殊情况: 1.含双宾语的主动结构变为被动结构时,有两种方法: ①将间接宾语变为主语,直接宾语保持不变; ②将直接宾语变为主语,间接宾语用介词to或for引导。例如: ① He told us a story.(变被动语态) →We were told a story(by him).或:A story was told to us by him. ② Her mother gave her a new pen.(变被动语态)(填was given to) A new pen ______ ______ ______ her by her mother. 2.短语动词的被动语态:在变为被动语态时,要将短语动词视为一个整体,其后的介词或副词不能省去。例如: ① This dictionary mustn't ______ from the library.[D] A.take away B.taken awayC.are taken away D.be taken away ② She will take good care of the children.(变被动语态)(填be taken good care of) The children will ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ (by her). 3.含有复合宾语的主动结构变被动结构时,通常将宾语变为被动句的主语,而宾语补足语就成为主语补足语。注意:省略to的不定式作宾补时,不定式符号to必须补上。例如: Someone saw him swim in Qianling Lake yesterday.(变被动语态) He ______ ______ ______ swim in Qianling Lake yesterday. (填was seen to) 4.不定式的被动结构:动词不定式的被动语态为“to be +过去分词”。例如: The radio says a wild animal zoo is to ______ in our city. A.be building B.build C.be built D.built [C] 5.以疑问代词开头的疑问句转换成被动句时要注意词序:应将主动句中的疑问代词改为介词by的宾语,但仍然放在句子开头。例如: Who has broken the cup?(改为被动语态) →By whom has the cup been broken? E.注意区别 被动语态和过去分词作表语的区别: 1)含义不同:被动语态强调动作,重点说明动作由谁完成、怎样完成;而过去分词作表语通常用来描写情景,叙述人或事物的特征及所处的状态。试比较: The window is broken.窗子破了。(系表结构) The window is broken by him.窗子被他打破了。(被动语态) 2)用法不同:过去分词作表语时可以被 so,very,too等程度副词修饰,而被动语态则不能用so,very,too修饰,而需用much,very much,so much,too much修饰。试比较: He was very interested in science.他对科学有极大兴趣。(系表结构) I was so much surprised at the scene that I didn't know what to do.我被那种场面搞得大吃一惊,不知所措。(被动语态) F.牢记(相关)句型 初中教材中与被动语态相关的句型有: 1.be covered with被……覆盖 2.be made of由……制作(发生物理变化) be made from由……制作(发生化学变化) be made in由(某地)制造 be made by被(某人)制造 3.be used for被用来…… be used as被当作(作为)……来使用 be used to do sth.被用来做某事 4.It is said that...据说…… It is hoped that...希望…… It is well known that...众所周知……例如: ①—Your coat looks nice.Is it ______ cotton?[B] —Yes.It's Shanghai. A.made of;made by B.made of;made in C.made for;made by D.made for;made in ② This machine is used ______ the room wet.[A] A.for keeping B.as keeping C.keep D.to keeping ③ 据说在南京长江上又在建一座桥。 ______ ______ ______ that ______ ______ is being ______ over the Changjiang River in Nanjing. (填It is said;another bridge;built)
英语被动语态有哪些?
参考下吧: 1.一般现在时的被动语态构成:is / am / are + 及物动词的过去分词 Our classroom is cleaned everyday. I am asked to study hard. Knives are used for cutting things. 2.一般过去时的被动语态构成:was / were + 及物动词的过去分词 A new shop was built last year. Dinosaur eggs were laid long long ago. 3.现在完成时的被动语态构成:has / have + been +及物动词的过去分词 This book has been translated into many languages. Many man-made satellites have been sent up into space by many countries. 4.一般将来时的被动语态构成:will/shall+ be + 及物动词的过去分词 A new hospital will be built in our city. Many more trees will be planted next year. 5.含有情态动词的被动语态构成:情态动词+ be + 及物动词的过去分词 Young trees must be watered often. Your mistakes should be corrected right now. The door may be locked inside. Your homework can be handed in tomorrow. 6.现在进行时的被动语态构成:am / is / are + being +及物动词的过去分词 Uncle Wang is mending my bike now.→ My bike is being repaired by Tom now. They are planting trees over there. → Trees are being planted over there by them. 7.不定式的被动语态:to + be + 及物动词的过去分词 There are two books to be read. → There are twenty more trees to be planted. 8.过去将来时的被动语态:would /should+ be + 及物动词的过去分词 He said he would finish the work soon. He said the work would be finished soon by him. 希望可以帮到你,(*^__^*) 如果我的回答可以帮助到你,烦请您给我好评哦,谢谢!
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标签:英语被动语态英语中有多少种被动语态?英语被动语态的形式是什么英语被动语态怎么变?英语被动语态结构英语被动语态讲解英语被动语态有哪些?
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