今天我们来聊聊情态动词的用法,以下6个关于情态动词的用法的观点希望能帮助到您找到想要的大学知识。
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情态动词的用法
情态动词的用法如下: 情态动词will与would的用法归纳 1. 表示意愿 will 表示现在的意愿,would表示过去的意愿。如: I will bring it tomorrow. 我明天会把它带来。 We will not go there again. 我们不会再去那里。 He asked if I would go to the cinema with him. 他问我是否愿同他一起去看电影。 If you will allow me, I will see you home. 如果你同意,我可以送你回家。 If you will come, we will be glad. 假如你能来的话,我们就会很高兴。 2. 表示征求意见或提出请求 will和would均可用,主要用于第二人称的疑问句中,would此时并不表过去,而表示委婉语气。如: Will / would you please tell me the way to the post office? 请告诉去邮局的路好吗? Will / Won’t you have some tea? 你喝点茶,好吗? You wouldn’t have the time to phone him, would you? 你现在没有那么多时间给他打电话是吧? would有时与like, love, hate, prefer, be glad, be happy等连用,用于提出建议或邀请。如: Would you like some cake or biscuit? 你要吃点蛋糕还是饼干? I’d like / love a coffee. 我倒想喝杯咖啡。 I would hate you to think I was criticizing you. 我可不愿意让你觉得我是在批评你。 3. 表示习惯和倾向性 will表示现在,would表示过去。如: A bear will not touch a dead body. 熊通常不碰死尸。 Fish will die out of water. 鱼离开水就不能活。 This door won’t open. 这扇门打不开。 He will sit for hours without saying a word. 他经常一坐数小时而不发一言。 She would lose the key! 她总是把钥匙弄丢了。 When he was a child, he would often go skiing. 他小时候经常去滑雪。 He told me the box wouldn’t open. 他告诉我箱子打不开了。 4. 表示推测 will用于推测现在,would用于推测过去,也可用于推测现在,语气较委婉。如: This bus will hold 40 people. 这辆大客车可以坐40人。 The teacher will be over fifty. 老师的年龄大概过五十了吧? That would be in 1978, I think. 我看这事发生在1978年。 That would be her father. 这大概是他妈。 有时will / would+完成式,表示对过去可能已经发生的情况的推测。如: He will have heard the news. 他已经听到那消息了吧。 I thought you would have finished it by now. 我想你现在可能已经做完了吧。 6. 表示执意或决心 will表示现在,would表示过去。如: He will have his own way. 他坚持要一意孤行。
情态动词有什么用法 怎么用
常用的情态动词有:can(could)、may(might)、must、need、ought to、dare(dared)、will(would)等等。下面是情态动词的相关用法,来看一下! 情态动词的用法 1.表推测及可能性。may,might,can, could, will, would表示“可能”或“预测;, shall, should用于表示“必定”;must用于表示“必定”,“必会“;ought to表“应该为”。 2.与时态相关。can为现在式,其过去式 为could;may为现在式,其过去式 为might;shall为现在式,其过去式 为should;will为现在式,其过去式 为would. 3.表示能力的用法。can表示能力,意思是"能,会",其否定式can't表示"不能"。在过去时中用could和couldn't。be able to可以表示“能力” 用于各种时态。 4.表“意愿,打算”,常用词为will, would, shall, should.在这里,would,should要比will,shall更委婉,更客气。need表“需要”;dare表示“敢”。 5.表示“请求,许可”,常用词为can, could, will, would, shall, should, may, might, must。 6.态度。may ,can,could,shall, should, may, might, must, ought to用于表示“禁止”,“不准”;“应该”、“必须”“可以”。例如:might可以表示委婉的批评或责备。You might at least have answered my letter. 你至少可以回我一封信吗。 7.祝愿“.May you + 动词原形 ...”,意为“祝愿……”。如:May you succeed! 祝你成功! 8.情态动词与虚拟语气.常见于should+动词原形;情态动词+have 过去分词。 备注:Should 在虚拟语气中要省略,为情态动词要保持。 情态动词表推测的三种时态: 1、对将来情况的推测,用“情态动词+动词原形”。例如:You may come anytime you want.你想什么时候来都行。 2、对现在或一般情况的推测,用“情态动词+be”,“情态动词+be doing”或“情态动词+动词原形”。例如:He must be listening to the radio now.他一定正在听收音机。 3、对过去情况的推测,用“情态动词+have+过去分词”。例如:Can he have gotten the book?难道他找到书了吗?
情态动词用法
情态动词用法有:情态动词+do/be、情态动词+be doing、情态动词+have done、情态动词+have been doing。 用法 首先它是动词,而且不同于行为动词,行为动词表示的是可以通过行为来表达的动作(如写,读,跑),而情态动词只是表达的一种想法(如能,也许,敢)。 用法是:情态动词+行为动词原形 情态动词是一种本身有一定的词义,表示说话人的情绪,态度或语气的动词,但不能单独作谓语,只能和其他动词原形构成谓语。 情态动词数量不多,但用途广泛,主要有下列:can(could),may(might),must,need,ought to,dare(dared),shall(should),will(would),have,had better. 对现在或将来的情况进行猜测——情态动词+do/be 。 略举两例: 1、He may/ might come tomorrow.他明天可能会来。(将来) 2、He may/ might know it.他可能知道这件事。(现在) 对现在或将来正在进行的情况进行猜测——情态动词+be doing 略举两例: 1、He may/ might be waiting for you now.他可能正在等你。(现在进行) 2、He may/ might be waiting for you when you get there tomorrow.明天你到那里时,他可能会在等着你。(将来进行) 对过去或已发生的情况进行猜测——情态动词+have done的形式 略举两例: 1、He may/ might have arrived in Beijing by now。他现在估计已经到北京了!(已发生) 2、He must have finished his homework。他一定已经完成作业了!(过去已发生) 对过去进行或现在完成进行的情况进行猜测——情态动词+have been doing 略举一例: 1、He might have been waiting for you when you phoned him.你给他打电话时,他可能已在等你了。(过去完成进行)
情态动词的用法有哪些?
情态动词 (Model Verbs) 又称为情态助动词 (Model Auxil-iaries), 主要有can, may, must, could, might, shall , should, will, would, ought to, need, dare等。情态动词与其他动词连用表示说话人的语气。情态动词可表达建议、要求、可能和意愿等。情态动词没有人称和数的变化。情态动词部分重点测试以下内容: (1)情态动词+动词完成式: must have done (2)情态动词+动词进行式: must be doing (3)情态动词+动词完成进行式: must have been doing (4)某些情态动词的特殊用法: need 一、情态动词+动词完成式 情态动词+动词完成式即“情态动词+ have + done分词”,表示对过去行为或动作进行推测、评论或判断。 1. must have done must have done 表示对过去某事的肯定猜测。其否定或疑问形式都用can(could) 来表示. 例如: Since the road is wet, it must have rained last night. He can’t have missed the way. I drew him a map. “The dictionary has disappeared. Who could have taken it?” 当然对现在发生或将来发生的事情,要用must do 表示猜测, 否定为can’t do. He must understand that we mean business. You must be hungry after a long walk. 2.may / might have done may / might have done 表示推测过去某事“也许”发生了.may 比 might 表示的可能性在说话人看来稍大些。例如: I can’t find my keys. I may / might have left them at the school yesterday. 3. could have done 在肯定句型中, 往往用作委婉的批评. 本应该做什么,而没做; 有时也用作猜测. You could have told us earlier. Tom could have taken the dictionary. 4. ought to / should have done和 ought not to / shouldn’t have done ought to / should have done 和 ought not to / shouldn’t have done 用于对已发生的情况表示“责备”、“不满”,分别表示“本应该…”和“本不应该…”。例如: 1)With all the work finished, I should have gone to the party last night. 2)You ought not to have made fun of him. He is not the one you laugh at but learn from. 5. needn’t have done needn’t have done 表示过去做了某事,但没有做的必要, 意为“本没必要…”。例如: You needn’t have waken me up; I don’t have to go to work today. 注:表示推测过去某动作发生的可能性时,就表示的可能性程度而言,must最大,could其次,may更次之,might最小。例如: “I wonder how Tom knew about your past.” “He must / could / may / might have heard of it from Mary.” 二、情态动词+动词进行式 情态动词+行为动词进行式(即情态动词+ be + doing形式),表示推测或评论某动作现在是否正在进行。例如: 1)He must be playing basketball in the room. 2)She may be staying at home. 三、情态动词+动词完成进行式 情态动词+行为动词完成进行式(即情态动词+ have been + v-ing 形式),表示推测或评论过去某动作是否正在进行或一直在进行。例如: 1)They should have been meeting to discuss the problem. 2)He may / might have been buying stamps in the post office when you saw him. 四、某些情态动词的特殊用法 1. need 考试中主要测试 need 作情态动词与作实义动词的区别。情态动词need与实义动词need 在时态、肯定、否定结构上的对比见下表。 时态 情态动词need 实义动词 need 现在时 He need (needn’t) do Need he do….? He needs (doesn’t need) to do 过去时 He needed (didn’t need) to do 将来时 He need (needn’t) do Need he do….? He will (not) need to do 注: need 一般用于否定句或疑问句. 2. dare 考试中主要测试dare作情态动词和作实义动词的区别。 情态动词dare 与实义动词dare 在时态、肯定、否定、疑问结构上的对比见下 表。 句型 情态动词dare 实义动词 dare 肯定句 现在时 dare to 少用 过去时 dare to 少用 现在时 dare/dares to do 过去时 dared to do 否定句 现在时 daren’t/dare not do 过去时 dared not do 现在时 do/does not dare (to) do 过去时 did not dare (to) do 疑问句 现在时 Dare he do? 过去时 Dared he do? 现在时 Do you/Does he dear (to) do? 过去时 Did he dare (to) do 3. can 和 may 考试中主要测试can,may或could,might表示可能性的区别及对may构成的疑 问句的回答。 (1)can, could, may, might都可以表示可能性.can, could表示潜在的可能性或理论上或逻辑判断上存在的可能性;而may, might则表示事实上的可能性。此外,can还具有“有能力”的意思,而may与might则不具此意。例如: According to the weather forecast, it may rain tomorrow. Any man with a little sense can see that he is wrong. (2)May I / we …?这一类疑问句的肯定回答为Yes, please.或Certainly;否定回答为Please don’t.或No, you mustn’t. 例如: “May we leave now?” “No, you mustn’t. You haven’t finished your home work yet.” 4. can 和 be able to can 与 be able to 都可以表示能力,但两者在用法上有点差异:can (could)表示主观能力,不表示意愿,它的将来时用will be able to; be able to表示主观意愿,强调要克服困难去做某事。例如: 1)My grandma is over seventy, but she can still read without glasses. 5. must 和 have to must 和 have to 都可以表示“必须”,但有几点区别: (1)must 强调“内在的职责”、“义务”,而have to 强调“外界压力”、“不得已而为之”。 (2)have to可用于多种时态,而must一般用于现在时,其过去时与将来时分别由had to与shall / will have to代替。 (3)在回答must引起的问题时,如果是否定的答复,不能用mustn’t,而要用needn’t或don’t have to,因为mustn’t是“一定不要”、“一定不能”的意思。例如: You must come to the classroom before eight. 2)It is raining hard outside, but I have to leave now. 3)“Must we do it now?” “No, you needn’t.” 6. used to +do, be used to +doing和be used to +do (1)used to +v意为“过去常常”,“过去一直”;be used to +v-ing / n(名词)意为“习惯于”;be used to +v意为“被用来(做某事)”。 (2)used to只表示过去,而be used to +v-ing / n可表示现在、过去或将来。例如: 1)He used to smoke. Now he doesn’t. 2)He’s quite used to hard work / working hard. 3)The knife is used to cut bread. 7.用作情态动词的其他短语 would rather, would sooner, would (just) as soon, had rather, had better, had sooner, can not but, may (just) as well等可用作情态动词。例如: 1)The soldier would sooner die than surrender. 2)The brave soldier would as soon die as yield to such an enemy. 3)I’d rather walk than take a bus. 4)If you don’t like to swim, you may just as well stay at home. 注:这些短语后一般直接跟动词原形.would (had) rather, would (had) sooner, would (just) as soon后可跟that 引导的从句,that 常省去,从句要用虚拟语气。对现在和将来的假设用过去时,对过去的假设用过去完成时。例如: 1)I would rather you came on Sunday. 2)I would sooner you hadn’t asked
情态动词的用法 如何使用情态动词
1、情态动词的用法口诀:情态动词两要点,动词原形跟后边,说话语气较委婉。can表“能力”,may“许可”,must“责任”或“义务”。否定答语needn’t换,“需要”need, dare“敢”,should“应该”,would“愿”,have to“被迫”表客观。 2、首先它是动词,而且不同于行为动词,行为动词表示的是可以通过行为来表达的动作(如写,读,跑),而情态动词只是表达的一种想法(如能,也许,敢)。 3、用法是:情态动词+行为动词原形。 4、情态动词是一种本身有一定的词义,表示说话人的情绪,态度或语气的动词,但不能单独作谓语,只能和其他动词原形构成谓语。 5、情态动词数量不多,但用途广泛,主要有下列:can (could),may (might),must,need,ought to,dare (dared),shall (should),will (would),have,had better. 6、情态动词还有一个很重要的用法,即情态动词表推测。
情态动词用法大全
一、情态动词的基本用法 1.can (1)(表示能力)能……;会…… She can drive,but she can’t ride a bicycle. 【注】 could表示“原来具备某种能力,现在没有这种能力了”, 但was/were able to则表示过去成功地做成了某事. I could swim all the way across the lake,but I can’t now. 我原来能游过这个湖,但现在不能了. The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone was able to get out. 大火很快蔓延了整个旅馆,但全体人员都脱离了危险. (2)(表示可能、许可)能够……;可以…… “Can I use your telephone?”“Yes,of course you can.” You can’t park your car in this street. 【注】 can可作“有时候会……”解,意思是平时或大部分时间不 是这样子,只是偶尔发生的事情.如: Jogging can be harmful to the health. 慢跑有时候会对身体健康有害. (3)(表温和的命令)请做……,得…… I’ll do the cooking,and you can do the washing. 我来做饭,请你去洗衣服. (4)(用于疑问句中,表请求、提议)能不能……;要不要…… Can you give me a lift to the station? Can’t you lend me ten dollars? 请你借给我10美元吧? (5)(用于疑问句中,表惊讶、怀疑等)“(到底)可能有这样的事吗?” Can it be that it was I,not he,who was mistaken? 难道错的会是我,而不是他吗? (6)构成下列特殊句式: ①can not/can never...too...或cannot...enough “无论怎么……也不过分; 越……越好;非常……”. One cannot be too careful. 越认真越好. I cannot thank you enough.我对你感激不尽. ②cannot help doing.../cannot help but do.../cannnot but do...“禁不住;不 由得;不得不”. I cannot help admiring the picture whenever I look at it. When a close friend dies,you cannot but feel sad. 2.may (1)(表准许、请求)可以…… You may go home now,Susan.苏珊,你现在可以回家了. May I have a word with you,please?我可以跟你说句话吗? (2)(表愿望、祝福)但愿;祝…….此时,句子要用倒装语序. May you succeed!祝你成功! (3)(用于目的状语从句中)为了;为了能够 He works hard so that he may get good grades. (4)(用于让步状语从句中)即使;无论 Whatever he may say,I don’t believe him. (5)构成句型:may/might as well do sth. “还是做某事的好;不妨去做 某事” Since we’ve got nothing better to do,we might as well go for a walk. 既然我们没什么更好的事情可做,我们不妨去散散步. 3.must (1)(表义务、必要性、命令)必须,得,要 “Must I wash the dishes at once?”“No,you needn’t.”“我得立 刻洗这些盘子吗?”“不,不必.” Animals must eat to live.为了活下去,动物必须吃东西. 【注】 mustn’t表“禁止、不准”. You mustn’t play with the knife;you may hurt yourself. 你不可玩刀子,你会把自己割伤的. (2)(表必然性)必定 Everyone must die.每个人都必定会死. (3)(表固执、不满等)偏偏;硬要;偏要 If you must know,I’m going to help him look for an apartment. 如果你偏要知道,那我告诉你,我要去帮助他找一套公寓. 4.shall (1)用于疑问句中,与第一、三人称连用,表示征求对方的意见 Shall she go to the concert with us this evening? Shall we go out for a walk? 【注】 may用于征求对方的许可,shall用于征求对方的意见或指示. May I have a look?我能看一下吗? Shall I have a look?要我看一下吗? (2)用于第二、三人称,表示说话人的命令、警告、强制、允诺、威 胁或决心等 Don’t worry.You shall get the answer this very afternoon. 不要焦急,今天下午你就会得到答复.(允诺) He shall be sorry one day.I tell you. 我告诉你,他早晚有一天会后悔的.(警告) (3)(用于法律、规则等条文中)应……,须……,得…… The fine shall be given in cash.罚款应以现金缴纳. 5.should (1)(表义务、责任)应该 We should attend the meeting. 我们应该参加这次会议. (2)(表预期)应该会,想必会,一定会……吧 The concert should be great fun.音乐会一定会很有意思. (3)(表惊讶、遗憾)竟然;居然 I’m glad that your story should have won the first prize. 我很高兴你的小说居然赢得头奖. (4)(与疑问词连用,表示意外、纳闷、惊讶等)究竟是;到底 Who should come in but my old friend Betty! 我当是谁进来了呢,原来是我的老朋友贝蒂呀! (5)(用于条件状语从句中)一旦;万一 If she should know the truth,she would be greatly depressed. 万一她知道了实情,她将会非常失望. Should you change your mind,let us know. 你一旦改变主意,就通知我们. (6)(用于表示命令、建议、请求的动词后面的that从句中,且should 可省略)应该;必须 She demanded that they (should) leave at once. 她要求他们立即离开. (7)(用于以lest,for fear that,in case引导的状语从句中)以免;唯恐 She gave me a list just in case I should forget what to buy. 她给了我一张清单,以免我忘记买些什么. 6.would (1)(表过去的习惯性动作)(从前)常常;经常 We would stay up all night talking about our future. 那时候,我们常常彻夜谈论我们的将来. (2)(表示说话者的厌烦、焦躁)老是;偏要 That’s exactly like Susie.She would come to me just when I was busy. 苏西就是那个样子,她老是在我忙碌的时候来找我. (3)(用于否定句中,主语一般是事物,表示某事物暂时的特性)就是 (不能) That window wouldn’t open.那扇窗户打不开. (4)表示请求或个人的想法、看法,使语气婉转 Would you mind if I opened the window? 我打开窗户你不介意吧? 二、情态动词表推测 情态动词must,can/could,may/might可以用来对事情进行推测.must 表推测时只能用于肯定句,是对现在或过去的事情进行的推测,不能 表对将来事情的推测,语气非常肯定,译为“一定……”.can/could 表推测时一般用于否定句或疑问句,也是对现在或过去的事情进行推 测,但could偶尔可用于肯定推测.may/might表推测时一般用于肯定句 或否定句,可对现在、过去或将来的事情进行推测,语气不很肯定, 译为“可能……”. 此时,一般有两种结构:“情态动词+be”和“情态动词+have done”. 1.“情态动词+be”结构通常用来对现在或将来的状况进行推测. The light is still on.He must be working in the office now. 灯还亮着,他现在一定还在办公室工作着. Michael can’t be a policeman,for he’s much too short. 麦克不可能是警察,因为他太矮了. He may be in the classroom.I’ll go and make sure. 他或许在教室里,我去弄弄清楚. 2.“情态动词+have done”结构用于对过去事情的推测. I didn’t hear the phone.I must have been asleep. 我当时没有听到电话响,我一定是睡着了. Tom hasn’t come back yet.He may have missed the bus again. 汤姆还没有回来,他可能又没赶上班车. Jack can’t have arrived yet;otherwise he would have telephoned me. 杰克不可能来到,否则,他会给我来电话的. 【注】 might have done和could have done除了表对过去事情的推测 外,还可表示一种责备语气,意为“(过去)本来可以(能够)做某事, 但实际上没有做到”,此时不能用may或can. He might have given you more help,even though he was very busy.即使再忙,他也可能再多给你一些帮助的. 三、情态动词表责备语气 情态动词should,ought to,could,might,need等常用来表示说话人 对过去事情的不满或遗憾,带有较强烈的责备语气. 1.should (ought to) have done “本应该……”,表示过去应该做而 (实际)没有做的事情,含有责备或遗憾的语气,其否定形式为 “should not/ought not to have done”. I told Sally how to get there,but perhaps I should have written it out for her.当时我告诉了莎丽如何去那儿,但或许我还是该给她写出来为好. 【注】 should have done还可以表示惊讶、赞叹等情绪. It’s wonderful that you should have achieved so much in these years. 太神奇了,这几年你竟然取得了这么大的成就. 2.could/might have done “本来能够(会)……”,表示过去 本来可以(能够)做某事,但实际上没有做到. —I didn’t go to class last night because my car broke down. —You could have borrowed mine.I wasn’t using it. “我昨晚没去上课,我的车坏了.” “那你该借我的呀,我那时没用它.” 3.needn’t have done“本来不需要……”,表示过去本来 没有必要做某事,但事实上却做了. There was plenty of time.She needn’t have hurried. 当时时间很充足,她本没有必要那么匆忙的.
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