今天我们来聊聊定语从句的用法,以下6个关于定语从句的用法的观点希望能帮助到您找到想要的大学知识。
本文目录
定语从句的用法
在复合句中 ， 修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句， 被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词 ， 引导定语从句的有关系代词 who, whom, whose, which, that等和关系副词where, when, why等 ， 关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中担任句子成份。
1、由who引导的定语从句中 ， who用作主语 ， 如 ： This is the boy who often helps me。
2、由whom引导的定语从句中，whom用作宾语，如：The man whom you are waiting for has gone home。
3、由whose引导的定语从句中 ， whose用作定语 ， 如 ： Do you know the girl whose skirt is white?
4、由which引导的定语从句中，which用作主语或谓语动词的宾语或介词的宾语，如：
The room in which there is a machine is a work shop。
The river which is in front of my house is very clean。
This is the pen which you want。
5、由that引导的定语从句中，that可以指人或物，在从句中作主语或谓语动词的宾语，但不能放在介词后面作介词宾语，如：
The book that I bought yesterday was written by Lu Xun。
6、由when, where, why引导的定语从句，如:
I don't know the reason why he was late。
7、限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句
(1)限制性定语从句是句中不可缺少的组成部分，主句和从句之间不用逗号分开。引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词有who, whom, whose, which, of which等，这些关系代词都不能省略。
(2)非限制性定语从句是对主句先行词的补充说明 ， 没有这种从句 ， 不影响主句意思的完整 ， 一般用逗号把主句和从句分开 ， 关系代词用 which,不用that;指人时可用who,如 ： I have two brothers, who are both students。
8、如何简化定语从句
（1）.定语从句简化为形容词或形容词短语作后置定语。如:
My grandfather lives in a village that is far away from here。
（2） 定语从句简化为现在分词或现在分词短语作前置或后置定语。
The man who is standing under the tree is our English teacher。
扩展资料
注意在下面几种情况下必须用 that引导定语从句。
(1)先行词是不定代词all, few, little, much, something, nothing, anything等 ， 如 ：
All that we have to do is to practise English。
(2)先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，如
The first letter that I got from him will be kept。
(3)先行词被all, any, every, each, few, little, no, some等修饰 ， 如
I've eaten up all the food that you gave me。
(4)先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时如
He is the only person that I want to talk with。
(5)先行词既有人又有物时，如:
They talked about persons and things that they met。
(6)当句中已有who时 ， 为避免重复 ， 如 ： Who is the man that is giving us the
class?
参考资料来源：百度百科-定语从句
定语从句的用法
定语从句，一个简单句跟在一名词或代词后先行词进行修饰限定，所以叫做定语从句。在主句中充当定语成分。那么你知道吗?下面跟着我一起来学习一下，希望对大家的学习有所帮助! 一、基本概念： 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。如： Do you know the man who spoke at the meeting just now? That is the house where he lived ten years ago. 定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词;定语从句一般用关系代词或关系副词来引导，关系词放在先行词与定语从句之间起连线作用，同时又作从句中的一个成分。 引导定语从句的关系代词有：that, who, whom, whose, which; 关系副词有：when, where, why. 二、关系词的用法： 一关系代词的用法： 1. 作主语用who, which和that, 如： He is the man who/that lives next door. The train which/that has just left is for Shenzhen. 2. 作宾语用whom, who, which, that, 如： The man whom/who/that we have just seen is a famous writer. Where is the book which/that I bought last week? 注：在非正式文体中，用于指人的关系代词who whom, that 通常可以省略，但在正式文体中通常用whom, 不可省略;用于指物的关系代词which和that 在非正式文体中也通常省略，但在正式文体中一般不省略。 3. 作定语用whose, 如： a He is the man whose car was stolen last week. b It was a meeting whose importance I did not realize at that time. 注：“whose +名词中心词”这一结构在定语从句中既能作主语如上a句，又能作宾语如上b句。whose 的先行词常用来指人，但有时也可以用来指具体事物或抽象概念，这时可以与of which 结构互换，词序是：“名词+of which”，如： They came to a house whose back wall had broken down.. = the back wall of which He’s written a book the name of which I’ve pletely forgotten. = whose name 4. 作表语只用that ，它既可以指人，也可以指物，但时常省略。如： He is no longer the man that he used to be. This is no longer the dirty place that it used to be. 二关系副词的用法： 1.when 指时间，在从句中作时间状语，它的先行词通常有：time, day, morning, night, week, year 等。如： I still remember the time when I first became a college student. Do you know the date when Lincoln was born? 注：when时常可以省略，特别是在某些句型和某些时间状语中。如： Each time he came, he did his best to help us. But help never stopped ing from the day she fell ill. 2.where指地点，在从句中作地点状语。它的先行词通常有：place, spot, street, house, room, city, town, country等，如： This is the hotel where they are staying. I forget the house where the Smiths lived. 注：where有时也可以省略。如： This is the place where we met yesterday. 3. why指原因或理由，它的先行词只有reason。如： That is the reason why he is leaving so soon. 注：why时常也可以省略。如： That is the real reason he did it. 三 使用关系副词应注意下列几点： 1. 这三个关系副词在意义上都相当于一定的介词+which结构： when = on in, at, during… + which; where = in at, on… + which; why = for which. 如： I was in Beijing on the day when =on which he arrived. The office where =in which he works is on the third floor. This is the chief reason why =for which we did it. 2. 当先行词是表时间的time, day等和表地点的place, house等时，一定要注意分析从句的结构，如果缺少主语或宾语时，关系词应该用which或that, 缺少时间状语或地点状语时，才能用when或where，试比较： I’ll never forget the day when my hometown was liberated. I’ll never forget the days which/that we spent together last summer. His father works in a factory where radio parts are made. His father works in a factory which/that makes radio parts. 3. when和where既可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句。而why 只 能引导限制性定语从句。 三.限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句 1.限制性定语从句说明先行词的情况，对先行词起限定作用，与先行词关系十分密切，不可用逗号隔开，也不可省略，否则全句意义就不完整。如： This is the telegram which he refers to. Is there anything that I can do for you? 2.非限制性定语从句只是对先行词作补充说明，没有限定作用，它与先行词的关系比较松散，因而不是关键性的，如果省略，原句的意义仍然完整。这种从句在朗读时要有停顿，在文字中通常用逗号与主句隔开。如： This note was left by Tom, who was here a moment ago. As a boy, he was always making things, most of which were electric. 引导非限制性定语从句的关系词有：who, whom, whose, which, when 和 where，不可以用that和why。 另外，非限制性定语从句从意义上讲，相当于一个并列句，在口语中使用并不普遍，在日常生活中，人们通常用并列句或简单句来表达。如： I told the story to John, who later did it to his brother. = I told the story to John, and he later told it to his brother. Yesterday I happened to see John, who was eager to have a talk with you. = Yesterday I happened to see John and he was eager to have a talk with you. 3.两种定语从句的内涵不同，限制性定语从句具有涉他性，而非限制性定语从句具有 唯一性，这在理解和翻译时应特别注意。试比较： All the books there, which have beautiful pictures in them, were written by him. All the books there that have beautiful pictures in them were written by him. His brother, who is eighteen years old, is a PLA man. 只有一个 His brother who is a PLA man is eighteen years old. 不止一个 4.有时，非限制性定语从句所修饰的不是某一个词，而是整个主句或是主句中的一个部分，这时一般采用which或as来引导。如： He passed the exam, which/as he hoped he would. 注：1as引导的从句可以放在主句之前，而which引导的从句只能放在主句之后。 They are hollow, which makes them very light. As is known to all, Taiwan is a part of China. 2从意义上讲，which指前面主句的内容;而as指代的是作为一般人都知道的常 识性的东西，因此常译成“就象… …那样”。 3如果定语从句的内容对主句的内容起消极作用，则用which，而不用as，如： She stole her friend’s money, which was disgraceful. He tore up my photo, which upset me. 5.在正式文体中，以the way为先行词的限制性定语从句通常以in which或 that 引导，如： The way in which you answered the questions was admirable. 但在非正式文体中，人们通常省略in which或 that : The way in which he spoke to us was suspicious. I don’t like the way that you laugh at her. 四.关系词的选择 1. 在非限制性定语从句中，关系代词作主语，只能用who 指人，which指物;关系代词做宾语，常用whom口语中有时用who指人，which指物，它们都不能用that代替。 2. 关系代词作介词宾语，不论是在限制性定语从句中，还是在非限制性定语从句中，当介词前置时，只能用whom指人，which指物;但如果介词后置，则不受这种限制，关系代词还可以省去，特别是在口语中。如： Do you know the boy to whom she was talking? Do you know the boy that she was talking to? The pencil which/that he was writing with suddenly broke. 3. 在限制性定语从句中，当先行词指物时，关系词可用which或that，二者常可以互换;但在下列情况中，只能用that，不用which： 1 当先行词是all, a lot, a little, few, much, none, anything, something, everything, nothing等词时。如： All that can be done has been done. In this factory I saw little / much that was different from ours. 2 当先行词被all, any no, much, little, few, every等限定词所修饰时。如： We heard clearly every word that he said. 3 当先行词是序数词或被序数词所修饰时。如： The first thing that should be done is to get the tickets. When people talk about Hangzhou, the first that es to mind is the West Lake. 4 当先行词是形容词最高阶或被形容词最高阶所修饰，以及先行词被序数词和形容 词最高阶同时修饰时，如： Is that the best that you can do? That’s the most expensive hotel that we’ve ever stayed in. This novel is the second best one that I have ever read. 5 当先行词被 the very, the only, the next, the last等所修饰时。如： This is the very book that I want to find. 6 当先行词为指人和指物的两个并列名词片语时。如： The guests spoke highly of the children and their performances that they saw at the Children’s Palace. She described in her positions the people and places that impressed her most. 7 当主句是以which开头的特殊疑问句时。如： Which is the car that killed the boy? 4. 在限制性定语从句中，当先行词指人时，关系词可用whom或that，二者常可互换。 但在下列情况中，用whom，而不用that： 1 当先行词是one, ones, any, few, anyone, anybody, someone, somebody, everyone, everybody等词时。如： Is there anyone who can answer this question? He was among the few who managed to live through the enemy prison camp. 注：在非正式文体中可以说：You’re the one that knows where to go. 2 当先行词是he, they, those, people, person等词时。如： He who wants to catch fish just not mind getting wet. Those who are against the proposal put up your hands. 注：在固定结构的谚语或习语中，可用he that…。如： He that promises too much means nothing. 3 当先行词有较长的后置定语修饰时。如： Do you know the writer in blue with thick glasses who is speaking at the meeting? 4 在分隔式定语从句中，若先行词指人，为了明确修饰关系，应当用whom。如： A new master will came tomorrow who will teach you German. There’s only one student in the school who/whom I wanted to see. I was the only person in my office who was invited. 5 两个定语从句同时修饰一个指人的先行词，第二个定语从句常用whom来引导，如： She is the only girl I know who can play the guitar. 5. 在限制性定语从句中，当先行词指人时，在下列情况中，一般用关系词that: 1 当主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时。如： Who is the man that is reading the newspaper over there? Which of us that knows anything does not know this? 2 当先行词被形容词最高阶或序数词所修饰时。如： He is the greatest man that has ever lived. 3 当先行词被the only, the very, the last等词所修饰时。如： She is the only person that understands me. 6. 当先行词被the same所修饰时，关系词既可以用as，也可以用that。在表示具体事物 时，有时两者有一定的区别。一般说来，表示同一种类多用as，表示同一事物多用that。 如： This is the same instrument that I used yesterday. 这就是我昨天用过的那台仪器。 This is the same instrument as I used yesterday. 这台仪器跟我昨天用过的那台一样。 在抽象概念上，同种类和同一事物是没有绝对区别的，所以两个词可换用： I have the same opinion as / that you have. 这里要注意的是： 1 使用as时，它引导的定语从句中的动词可以省略，但使用that时，定语从句中 的动词不可省略。如： Women received the same pay as men. Women received the same pay that men received. 2 在“the same…that”结构中，that只是用来加强语气，强调“相同”。that可以省去而不改变句子原意，甚至连名词前的same也可以省去。如： This is the same instrument that I used yesterday. = This is the same instrument I used yesterday. = This is the instrument I used yesterday. 但在“the same…as”结构中，same和as都不能省略。 3 当“the same…that”结构中的that作为关系副词用时，不可以直接与as互换。 如： He lives in the same building that I live. = He lives in the same building as / that I live in. Shall we meet at the same place that we last met? = Shall we meet at the same place that / as we last met at? 7. 当先行词前有such, so, as时，关系词应当用as。如： A wise man seldom talks about such things as he doesn’t understand. He spoke in such easy English as everybody could understand. At this time of the day, all buses and trolleys have to carry as many passengers as they can. It is so easy a book as every schoolboy can read. Let’s discuss such things as we can talk of freely. 五.练习题 1. Don’t talk about such things of __________ you are not sure. A. which B. what C. as D. those 2. Is this the factory __________ you visited the other day? A. that B. where C. in which D. the one 3. Is this factory __________ some foreign friends visited last Friday? A. that B. where C. which D. the one 4. Is this the factory __________ he worked ten years ago? A. that B. where C. which D. the one 5. The wolves hid themselves in the places __________ couldn’t be found. A. that B. where C. in which D. in that 6. The freezing point is the temperature __________ water changes into ice. A. at which B. on that C. in which D. of what 7. This book will show you __________ can be used in other contexts.. A. how you have observed B. what you have observed C. that you have observed D. how that you have observed 8. The reason is __________ he is unable to operate the machine. A. because B. why C. that D. whether 9. I’ll tell you __________ he told me last week. A. all which B. that C. all that D. which 10. That tree, __________ branches are almost bare, is very old. A. whose B. of which C. in which D. on which 11. I have bought the same dress __________ she is wearing. A. as B. that C. which D. what 12. He failed in the examination, __________ made his father very angry. A. which B. it C. that D. what 13. We’re talking about the piano and the pianist __________ were in the concert we attended last night. A. which B. whom C. who D. that 14. The girl __________ an English song in the next room is Tom’s sister. A. who is singing B. is singing C. sang D. was singing 15. Those __________ not only from books but also through practice will succeed. A. learn B. who C. that learns D. who learn
定语从句的用法归纳总结
如下：
一、定于从句：定语从句是指用一个完整的句子做定语去修饰限定前面的名词或者代词，它属于后置定语。
1、限制性定语从句不用逗号与主句隔开。
例：I have a sister who is a doctor.（限制性定语从句）我有一个当医生的姐姐。
2、非限制性定语从句需使用逗号和主句隔开。
例：I have a sister, who is a doctor.（非限制性定语从句）我有一个姐姐，她是当医生的。
二、定语从句的关系词。
引导定语从句的关系词分为：关系代词和关系副词。
常见的关系代词有：who, that,whom, whose, which等；在从句中作主语、宾语、定语等。
常见的关系副词有：where,when,why等；在从句中作状语。
三、定语从句中关系代词的用法。
1、当先行词是人时：关系代词who和that既可以做主语，又可以作宾语，而且作宾语时可以省略。
例如：Do you know the girl who/that often comes here?（作主语）
2、其中whom只作宾语。
例如：The girl who/that/whom I spoke to is my daughter.（作宾语）
3、当先行词是物时：关系代词which和that既可以做主语，又可以作宾语，而且作宾语时可以省略。
例如：The building which/that stands near the train station is a supermarket.（作主语）
4、whose既可以指人，也可以指物；that既可以指人，也可以指物。
例如：The book which/that you bought for me is very interesting.（作宾语）
5、whose既可以指人，也可以指物；在从句中作定语，形式为“whose+名词”表所属关系，即谁的。
例如：Do you know the singer whose name is Wang feng?
I live in a house whose windows face south.
四、定于从句中只用which不用that的情况：
（1）which引导非限制性定语从句，that则不能。
He had failed in the maths exam,which made his father very angry.
（2）在介词提前的定语从句中，只用which不用that。
This is the place in which Lu Xun used to live.
先行词本身是that时，只能用which。
What’s that which flashed in the sky just now?
五、关系副词引导的定语从句。
1、when指时间在定语从句中作时间状语也可做连接词用。
I still remember the day when I first came to the school.
2、where指地点在定语从句中作地点状语。
Shanghai is the city where I was born.
3、why指原因在定语从句中作原因状语，用在reason后面。
Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.
定语从句用法
定语从句用法如下：
一、限定性定语从句
1、that即可代表事物也可代表人，which代表事物；它们在从句中作主语或宾语，that在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词，which在从句中作宾语则不能省略。而且，如果which在从句中作“不及物动词+介词”的介词的宾语，注意介词不要丢掉，而且介词总是放在关系代词which的前边，但有的则放在它原来的位置。
2、which作宾语时，根据先行词与定语从句之间的语义关系，先行词与which之间的介词不能丢。
3、代表物时多用which，但在带有下列词的句子中用that而不用which，这些词包括all，anything，much等，这时的that常被省略。
4、who和whom引导的从句用来修饰人，分别作从句中的主语和宾语，whom作宾语时，要注意它可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语。
5、where是关系副词，用来表示地点的定语从句。
6、when引导定语从句表示时间。
二、非限定性定语从句：非限定性定语从句的作用是对所修饰的成分作进一步说明，通常和主句间用逗号隔开，将从句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立。
1、which引导的非限定性定语从句来说明前面整个句子的情况或主句的某一部分。
2、在引导限定性定语从句时，that有时相当于in which，at which，for which或at which。
3、有时as也可用作关系代词。
定语从句的用法~具体的,谢谢
定语从句 1. 定语从句: 在复合句中作定语,修饰主句中的某一名词或代词的从句, 叫做定语从句. 2. 先行词: 被定语从句所修饰的词叫做先行词, 通常位于定语从句之前. 3. 关系词: 引导定语从句的词是关系代词. 关系词又分为: 关系代词和关系副词. 关系代词主要有: who, whom, whose, that, which … 关系副词主要有: when, where, why … 关系词主要位于先行词和定语从句之前. 关系词的作用: ⑴ 起连接作用. ⑵ 在从句中充当成分. 4. 含有定语从句的结构: 先行词 + 关系词 + 定语从句 ⑴ 当先行词是人时, 可以由 that, who, whom 来引导. that, who, 在句中既可以作主语也可以作宾语, whom 只能在句中作宾语. Whose 在句中只能作定语。 eg: Do you know the girl who / that has got an “A” in the exam ? 你认识那个在考试中得”A”的女孩吗? ( who / that 在句中作主语 ) I know the girl whom / who / that you talked to yesterday. 我认识昨天和你谈话的那个女孩. （ who / whom / that 在句中作宾语，可以互换 ） Do you know the girl whose eyes are very big? 你认识那个眼睛大大的女孩吗？ （ whose 在句中作定语 ） ⑵ 当先行词是物时, 可以由 which, that 来引导, 在句中主要作主语、宾语、或表语。 eg: She got a computer which / that her parents bought for her. 她有一台电脑， 这台电脑是她父母买给她的。 （which / that 在句中作宾语 ） This is the building which / that is being built. 这就是现在正在建的那所大大厦。（which / that 在句中作主语 ） ⑶ 在句中作状语主要来引导时间、地点和原因。 由 when, where, why 来引导。 eg: I still remember the day when you left for Beijing. 我仍然记得你去北京的那一天。（when 在句中作时间状语 ） This is the school where my mother works. 这就是我妈妈工作的那所学校。（ where 在句中作地点状语 ） This is the reason why he was late for school. 这就是他为什么上学迟到的原因。 5．注意：下列情况下只能由that 来引导， 不能用who / which 来引导。 ⑴ 当先行词是all, little, much, none, everything, anything, nothing 等代词时： eg: Is there anything that you don’t understand ? 你还有什么不懂的吗？ ⑵ 当先行词前面有 the only, the very, the last 等修饰时。 eg: He is the only person that can help you out. 他就是那个惟一可以帮你的人。 ⑶ 当序数词或形容词最高级修饰先行词时,只能用that eg: This is the best book I have ever read. 这就是我读过的最好的书.
定语从句用法总结
在英语中，定语从句通常位于它所修饰的词（组）之后。被定语从句修饰的词（组）叫作先行词（英语：antecedent)，引导定语从句的词称为关系词，关系词指代先行词并在关系从句中充当一定的成分。
具体用法如下：
1、that 既可以用于指人，也可以用于指物。在从句中作主语或宾语，作主语时不可省略，作宾语可省略。
例如：Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.
玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。（that 作主语）
The coat (that) I put on the desk is blue.
我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。（that 作宾语）
2、which 用于指物，在句中作主语或宾语，作主语不可省略，作宾语可省略。
例如：The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.
位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。（作主语）
The film (which) we saw last night was wonderful.
我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。
3、who, whom 用于指人， who 用作主语， whom 用作宾语。在口语中，有时可用who代替whom，也可省略。例如：The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.
今天的内容先分享到这里了，读完本文《定语从句的用法(which做定语从句的用法)》之后，是否是您想找的答案呢？想要了解更多大学知识，敬请关注本站,您的关注是给小编最大的鼓励。
标签：定语从句的用法定语从句的用法归纳总结定语从句用法定语从句的用法~具体的谢谢定语从句用法总结
免责声明：本文由用户上传，如有侵权请联系删除！